Trade Secrets & Employee Mobility

A trial court in Chicago recently held that because a restrictive covenant did not contain a provision extending the restricted period during any time of breach, there was no basis to re-write the contract to extend the restricted period. The court also declined to extend the restricted period on any equitable basis.

The Second Circuit Court of Appeals has rejected applications by IBM to prevent a former employee, David L. Johnson, from continuing to work at rival Dell Inc. IBM sought to enforce a non-compete agreement which Johnson intentionally signed in the wrong place.

From the mid-1970s until a few weeks ago, Illinois law on enforceability of restrictive covenants was clear: employers seeking to enforce a restrictive covenant first had to establish that the covenant was necessary to protect either confidential information or a near permanent customer relationship - the two recognized "legitimate business interests" sufficient to support a restrictive covenant under Illinois law.

In late September 2009, the Illinois Fourth District Court of Appeal, in Sunbelt Rentals, Inc. v. Ehlers, determined that the "legitimate business interest" test was not supported by any decision of the Illinois Supreme Court. Accordingly, the Sunbelt court held that, in determining whether a restrictive covenant is enforceable under Illinois law, a court should evaluate only the time-and-territory restrictions contained therein. In doing so, the Fourth District Court of Appeals departed from the clearly established case law of all appellate courts in Illinois (and also previous decisions of the Fourth District).

A federal judge in Illinois recently held that a contractual requirement that a professional race car driver pay post-employment royalties to his former employer is unenforceable.

A federal judge in Chicago recently held that continued employment for less than one year was not sufficient consideration for a post-employment restrictive covenant.

EpsteinBeckerGreen's 28th Annual Labor and Employment Law Client Briefing Conference, entitled "Employers Under Siege: Managing Your Workforce in Unprecedented Times," will be held this year on Thursday, September 24th at the Millennium Broadway Hotel in New York City.

This week, in LVRC Holdings LLC v. Brekka, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals issued a published opinion rejecting an employer's argument that its former employee violated the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act when he emailed company client lists and financial data to himself for personal use.

In Valentine Capital Asset Management, Inc. v. Agahi, 174 Cal. App. 4th 606, the California Court of Appeals, First District, recently looked at the issue of whether an associated person of a FINRA member could be compelled to arbitrate his company's trade secret and unfair competition claims against former employees who were also associated persons of a FINRA member.

With pending legislation in Massachusetts seeking to do away with non-compete agreements, both sides are struggling to find the solution to the problem. The question is: How can Massachusetts make itself more attractive to the tech community? Is the answer to do away with non-compete agreements or to simply modify them and restrict their duration and scope?

Florida law, specifically section 542.335, Florida statutes, which generally authorizes courts to enforce non-compete and other post-employment restrictive covenants if reasonable, leaves a number of issues unaddressed. Several of those issues are addressed in an opinion issued recently by the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals in Proudfoot Consulting Co. v. Gordon (11th Cir., July 30, 2009). The Eleventh Circuit affirmed the district court's injunction, but reversed the $1.66 million damages award to the former employer.